Lesson 4: Strings & String Methods

1. Working with Strings

Strings are text — enclosed in " " or ' '

Basic operations:

name = "Alex"
greeting = "Hello, " + name  # concatenation
repeat = "Hi" * 3            # HiHiHi

Access characters: name[0] = 'A', name[-1] = 'x'

2. Useful String Methods

• .upper() / .lower()
• .strip() — remove whitespace
• .replace("old", "new")
• .split() — break into list
• .join(list) — combine with separator
• .find("text") — position or -1

Example:

text = " hello world "
clean = text.strip().upper()  # "HELLO WORLD"